The role of cutting fluid is mainly reflected in the following four aspects:

1, Cutting fluid has a cooling effect

Due to the inherent cooling ability of cutting fluid, its direct cooling effect not only reduces cutting temperature, reduces tool wear, prolongs tool life, but also prevents the impact of workpiece thermal expansion and warping on machining accuracy, as well as cooling the processed surface to suppress the generation of thermal deterioration layers.

2, Cutting fluid has a lubricating effect

The lubrication effect of cutting fluid refers to its ability to reduce friction, wear, fusion, and adhesion between the front cutting surface and chips, as well as between the back cutting surface and the workpiece surface. Under certain conditions, using a good cutting fluid can reduce the friction between the front and back of the tool, thereby reducing power, increasing tool life, and achieving good surface quality. And more importantly, it is to reduce the chance of producing debris tumors (i.e. knife tumors).

3, Cutting fluid has a cleaning effect

During the cutting process, fine chips, metal powder, and sand powder from the grinding wheel (especially when machining cast iron, honing, and precision grinding) are generated and adhere to the cutting tool, the surface of the workpiece, and the moving parts of the machine tool, resulting in mechanical scratches and wear, leading to deterioration of the surface quality of the workpiece, reduced tool life, and reduced machine tool accuracy. Therefore, it is required that the cutting fluid has a good cleaning effect, and a certain amount of pressure is often given during use to improve the scouring ability, and to timely wash away the fine chips, sand particles, and binder powder.

4, Cutting fluid has anti rust effect

During the machining process, the workpiece and machine tool are corroded by surrounding media such as moisture, oxygen, hand sweat, acidic substances, and dust in the air. This type of rust is particularly prominent in high temperature, high humidity seasons, or humid areas. At the same time, according to the current situation of long turnover time of metal parts processed in workshops in China, it is necessary to require that the cutting fluid itself not only does not rust the machine tool, cutting tools, and workpieces, but also has good rust prevention performance for metal products.

The excellent comprehensive performance of cutting fluid makes it play a huge role in metal cutting. Reasonable selection of cutting fluid can extend tool life, ensure and improve machining accuracy, prevent workpiece and machine tool corrosion or rust, and improve cutting efficiency.