A complete guide to CNC machining: how it works, process types, materials, surface finishes and typical applications - written by ANXIN CNC engineers.
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CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining is a subtractive manufacturing process that removes material from a solid block (billet or blank) using computer-controlled cutting tools. It is the go-to process for precision metal and plastic parts across aerospace, automotive, medical, robotics and electronics industries. In this guide, our engineers explain everything you need to know before ordering CNC machined parts.
What is CNC Machining
In CNC machining, a digital CAD model is converted into G-code instructions that control the movement of cutting tools on multi-axis machines. The machine removes material layer by layer with extremely high repeatability, producing parts with tolerances as tight as ±0.005mm.
Compared with 3D printing and casting, CNC machining offers superior strength, accuracy and surface finish on functional parts, making it ideal for prototypes and end-use production alike.
How CNC Machining Works
The process starts with your 3D CAD file (STEP, IGS). Our engineers analyze manufacturability, then program tool paths in CAM software. The workpiece is fixed on the machine table or in a chuck, and the cutting tools follow programmed paths to remove material.
- CAD model review and DFM feedback
- CAM programming and tool selection
- Machining with coolant and in-process inspection
- Deburring, surface finishing and final CMM inspection
Types of CNC Machining Processes
ANXIN CNC operates more than 40 machines covering all mainstream processes:
- CNC milling - 3/4/5-axis mills for prismatic parts, pockets and contours
- CNC turning - lathes for rotational parts like shafts and bushings
- 5-axis machining - simultaneous 5-axis for impellers and complex geometry
- Wire EDM - precision cutting of hardened steel profiles
- Grinding - ultra-tight flatness and surface finish requirements
Materials for CNC Machining
Metals: aluminum (6061, 6063, 7075), stainless steel (303, 304, 316, 17-4PH), steel alloys (4140, 4340), copper, brass, titanium. Plastics: PEEK, POM (Delrin), Nylon, ABS, PTFE and more. Material selection affects machinability, cost and lead time - our engineers help you choose the best option.
Surface Finishes
As-machined parts can be finished with anodizing (Type II/III, clear or black), plating (nickel, zinc, chrome), powder coating, polishing, passivation, black oxide and bead blasting. Surface finish improves corrosion resistance, appearance and wear performance.
Applications and Industries
CNC machined parts are everywhere: drone frames and gimbals, aerospace brackets, medical implants and instruments, EV battery components, robotic joints, camera equipment, heat sinks and enclosures. Any industry that needs strong, precise parts uses CNC machining.
Why Choose ANXIN CNC
Founded in 2011 in Shenzhen, ANXIN CNC runs 40+ CNC machines with a dedicated quality team and CMM lab. We offer 24-hour quoting, DFM feedback within one working day, and shipping worldwide by DHL/FedEx/UPS. Upload your CAD files today to get a free quote.